Interactive Ready for Review: Interactivities

Interactive Ready for Review for Chapter 16 - Abdomen and Genitalia Injuries

Abdominal injuries are classified as open (penetrating) or closed (blunt). Either type can damage hollow organs, such as the and bladder, and solid organs, such as the , spleen, and kidneys.

injuries are most frequently caused by knives or handguns; injuries are often the result of a collision with a steering wheel. Both types of injury cause pain, although this may be masked at first.

These injuries are evaluated in a similar manner. Place the patient in a , assess and record vital signs, and perform a visual inspection. Always assume that major damage has occurred to abdominal organs, even if there are no obvious signs.

Look for bruises or other marks that may point you toward underlying damage: a firm abdomen, difficulty moving, abdominal tenderness and guarding, obvious entry and exit wounds, and altered vital signs.

If hollow organs have spilled their contents into the peritoneal cavity, will develop. In an effort to minimize the pain of this condition, patients will want to lie still with their knees drawn up.

Treat for shock as necessary, keep the airway clear of vomitus, keep the patient warm, and promptly transport him or her to the emergency department.

Never try to replace an eviscerated organ; keep it warm and moist with sterile gauze compresses.

Establish intravenous access and administer fluid at a rate to maintain radial pulses. Do not attempt to increase the blood pressure above 90 mm Hg because it may increase internal bleeding.

Injuries to the or bladder will not have obvious external signs, but there are usually more subtle clues such as lower rib pain or a possible pelvic fracture.

The in both males and females can sustain injuries that can be extremely painful, but these are rarely life threatening.